Surkhandarya is located in the SOUTHERN part of Uzbekistan. This region differs from other regions with its  sunny days and hot/cold weather.

Surkhandarya oasis is famous for its invaluable contribution to human civilization as one of the centers of world civilization. The oasis is described as the site of the first early human settlement. Remains of early human settlements from the Middle Paleolithic period have been found in the Boysun ranges. The bones of an 8-9 year old boy belongs Stone Age were found in the are of Teshiktash. This finding is known worldwide as the Neanderthal Man.

It is a cultural and historical region where folklore and written literature flourished. The Islamic scholar and hadith theorist Muhaddis al-Hakim al-Tirmizi (8th–9th centuries) lived and worked in ancient Termez. The great Andalusian (Spanish) Islamic thinker Muhyiddin ibn al-Arabi (1165–1240) considered himself a disciple of Hakim al-Tirmizi. Imam al-Tirmizi is renowned for his contributions to hadith studies. His most famous work, Al-Jami‘ as-Sahih (also known as Sunan al-Tirmizi), is among the major collections of hadith. His other notable works include Kitab al-‘Ilal and Kitab az-Zuhd. (Hadith — the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him — constitute the second most important source of Islamic knowledge after the Qur’an.) Of the 359 historical monuments in Surkhandarya region, 294 are archaeological, 26 architectural and 39 monumental. In connection with the 2,500th anniversary of the city of Termez, in 2001-2002 several historical and archaeological monuments, such as famous Jarqurgon Tower (12th century), the Sultan Saodat Complex (10-17th centuries), the remains of Chaghaniyon State Fortess in Denau, the Hakim Complex at Termizi (11-15th centuries), the remains of the Zurmala tower in Old Termez  were repaired. These monuments are famous for their antiquity. They were built according to the architectural traditions of Khorasan. 

In recent years, more and more people have become interested in the history and monuments of the Surkhandarya oasis, attracting the attention of foreign archaeologists. In addition, the region boasts beautiful mountains, breathtaking landscapes, ancient caves, and prehistoric cave paintings that captivate every visitor. Today, many historical monuments in the region remain unexcavated.